Class 12 Geography Notes Chapter 11 : NCERT CBSE RBSE and Other State Board Solutions for Class 12 Geography Notes for Chapter 11 Population: Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition Notes questions answers MCQs Download PDF
Class 12 Geography Notes Chapter 11 Population: Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition
Growth of population is the change in number of people living in a particular area between two points of time.
Population doubling time is the time taken by any population to double itself at its current annual growth rate.
Main worker is a person who works for at least 183 days in a year.
Marginal worker is a person who works for less than 183 days in a year.
Non worker is a person who is not engaged in any kind of economic activity.
Himachal Pradesh has the highest rural population, more than 90% of its total population because Himachal Pradesh is a hilly & forested area & People are engaged in Primary activities.
CLIMATE PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION AS
1. Very hot & dry regions are not suitable for population due to scarcity of water. E.g. Indian Desert.
2. People do not want to live in very cold regions as land available at such place is not suitable for agriculture. E.g Ladakh region of Jammu & Kashmir.
3. Very wet climate is also not suitable for people. E.g. Andaman & Nicobar Islands & Lakshadweep.
Some states have higher participation rate than other because of the following reasons:
1. Percentage of adult is higher in such states.
2. Literacy rate is also higher there.
3. In these states both male & female work.
4. Healthy environment is the main reason for that.
AGRICULTURE SECTOR HAS THE LARGEST SHARE OF INDIAN WORKERS BECAUSE
1. India is primarily an agricultural country.
2. More than 70 % of total population of India lives by agriculture
3. Agriculture provides easy employment so largest share of Indian workers are engaged in agriculture.
DISSCUSS THE SPATIAL PATTERN OF DENSITY OF POPULATION IN INDIA
1. Plains are more thickly populated than the mountains, deserts & forest areas
2. Places near rivers & coastal plains have thick population.
3. States like Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh has very low density of population.
4. Big states like Bihar, U.P, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand & West Bengal share 50% of country population.
5. The largest state Rajasthan shares only 5.50% of total population.
6. The population of Rajasthan increased due to development of irrigation in recent years.
7. In some areas, population is increased due to development of transport & communication facilities.
EXPLAIN THE OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE OF INDIA POPULATION.
1. Number of workers in primary sector is more than Secondary & Tertiary sector.
2. About 58% of India population is engaged in Cultivation.
3. The number of female workers is relatively high in Primary sector.
4. Lakhs of farmers have left the Primary sector & got engaged in manufacturing industry recently.
5. There are regional variations in the Occupational structure.
6. Small scale industry workers are being increased due to govt. policies.
DESCRIBE THE FEATURES OF NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY 2003
1. It stresses on all round development of youth & adolescents.
2. It enables them to shoulder responsibility for constructive development.
3. It aims at involvement of youth in decision making process.
4. It also aims at empowerment of women.
5. It aims at creating the qualities of patriotism & responsible citizenship.
Pull Factors-The factors which attract the people to some place .E.g job opportunities, better living conditions
Push Factors- The factors compel people to leave the place of residence. E.g Poverty, unemployment etc.
WHAT IS DENSITY OF POPULATION? EXPLAIN FOUR GEOGRAPHICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION IN THE WORLD.
Density of population: Number of people living in per unit area such as per sq. km. [Ratio between the numbers of people to the size of land]
Following Geographical Factors are responsible:
- Availability of water
- Landforms – plain, plateau and mountain
- Climate – temperature, rainfall, no. of frost – free days etc.
- Soil – nature & types
Above four points to be discussed with example.
