NCERT Solution For Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control And Coordination

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NCERT Solution for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

Question 1.
What is the difference between a reflex action and walking?
Answer.
A reflex is an involuntary, rapid response to a stimulus. It does not involve any thinking. For example, we pull back our hand on touching any hot surface. It is an instant reaction. We do not have any control over the movement. On the other hand, walking is a voluntary action. It is a part of our routine and we have a full control over walking.

Question 2.
What happens at the synapse between two neurons?
Answer.
The gap between the two neurons is called synapse. At the synapse, the nerve impulse from one neuron gets transmitted to the other neuron. This takes place by the virtue of special neurotransmitters released by the axon terminal of a neuron. These neurotransmitters travel through the synapse to reach the dendrites of the adjacent neuron. The nerve impulses travel along with these neurotransmitters.

Question 3.
Which part of the brain maintains posture and equilibrium of the body?
Answer.
Cerebellum

Question 4.
How do we detect the smell of an agarbatti (incense stick)?
Answer.
We have some olfactory receptors in our nose. These receptors are specialised to pick up the smell. Once they detect any smell, they send the message to the brain. The brain interprets and analyses those signals and tells the body that it is the smell of an incense stick.

Question 5.
What is the role of the brain in reflex action? Class 10 Science Chapter 7
Answer.
Brain does not play any direct role in reflex action. Reflex action is mainly controlled by the spinal cord. The brain function as a relay centre for transferring impulses from sensory to motor neurons in the form of cerebral reflexes Control and Coordination such as closure of eyes on exposure to flash of light and salivation in the mouth at the good smell of food. In spinal reflexes, it acts as a collection centre of information without any direct involvement in reflex action.

Question 6.
What are plant hormones?
Answer.
Plant hormones are the special chemicals which help in the growth of various parts of the plant.

Question 7.
How is the movement of leaves of the sensitive plant different from the movement of a shoot towards light?
Answer.
The movement of leaves of the sensitive plant exhibits nastic movement. This means that the movement does not depend on the direction of the stimulus. Whereas, the movement of a shoot towards light is an example of tropic movement. This movement is dependent on the direction of the light. Class 10 Science Chapter 7

Neuron

(i) Cyton or cell body
(ii) Axon
(iii) Myelin sheath

Types of neuron

i. Sensory neurons: These neurons receive signals from a sense organ.
ii. Motor neuron: These neurons send signals to a muscle or a gland.
iii. Association or relay neuron: These neurons relay the signals between the sensory neurons and motor neurons.